Explorer 

Used: 

• Detecting caries (cavities)
• Locating calculus (tartar)
• Checking margins of restorations (fillings/crowns)
• Assessing tooth texture

Explorer 2A – Pigtail 

Design: Double-ended with short, tight curves like a pig’s tail (or cowhorn)

Use: Excellent for detecting subgingival calculus (below the gum line) and Commonly used in posterior teeth

Advantages: Curved tips adapt well around molars and furcations

EXP-5 (No. 5 Explorer)

Design: Double-ended instrument with:

One end: Shepherd’s hook (similar to 23)

Other end: Straight or curved fine tip

Use:  Versatile: Can be used for caries detection, margin evaluation, and calculus location and often used in exams and scaling

Advantage: Combines functions of 23 and 17 or straight explorer

Explorer 23 – Shepherd’s Hook

Design: Single strong curved hook (like a shepherd’s staff)

Use: Most common for detecting occlusal caries and Not ideal for deep pockets (may cause trauma)

Other names: Sometimes called EXD 23 or #23 explorer